Astana Declaration of the Second China Asia Summit

On June 17, 2025, President Xi Jinping of the People's Republic of China, President Tokayev of the Republic of Kazakhstan, President Zaparov of the Kyrgyz Republic, President Rahmon of the Republic of Tajikistan, President Berdymukhamedov of Turkmenistan, and President Mirziyoyev of the Republic of Uzbekistan jointly held the Second China Central Asia Summit in Astana.

The heads of state of the China Central Asia Mechanism recognize the strategic significance of the region and the importance of further deepening multilateral cooperation based on the principles of equality, mutual respect, and mutual benefit. They declare that they will continue to consolidate the friendly relations among the six countries, deepen political mutual trust, and expand economic cooperation.

In a friendly atmosphere, all parties reviewed the comprehensive cooperation achievements between China and the five Central Asian countries, summarized the mutually beneficial cooperation experience in various fields, looked forward to the future direction of cooperation, and declared the following:

1、 All parties highly appreciate the achievements of the first China Central Asia Summit held in Xi'an on May 19, 2023, the China Central Asia Foreign Ministers' Meetings held in Chengdu on December 1, 2024, and Almaty on April 26, 2025, and actively support the development of ministerial level mechanisms in key priority areas and other forms of cooperation.

All parties agreed that it is in the fundamental interests of the six countries and their people to maintain fruitful and all-round cooperation with the five Central Asian countries. In the face of unprecedented changes in a century, and with an eye to the future of the people of all countries in the region, the six countries are determined to work together to build a closer China Central Asia community of shared future.

All parties pointed out that on the basis of comprehensively summarizing the successful experience of China Central Asia cooperation, a "China Central Asia Spirit" with "mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual benefit, and mutual assistance, and promoting common modernization with high-quality development" as its basic content will be formed. We should vigorously promote this spirit and make it the foundation for developing friendly relations and promoting mutually beneficial cooperation among member states of the mechanism.

2、 All parties reiterated their mutual understanding, respect, and support on issues involving their core interests.

China firmly supports the development path chosen by Central Asian countries, and supports their efforts to maintain national independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, as well as their adoption of various independent domestic and foreign policies. The Central Asian countries reaffirmed their adherence to the one China principle, recognized that there is only one China in the world, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory, and the Government of the People's Republic of China is the only legitimate government representing the whole of China.  

All parties reaffirm their firm determination to consolidate the long-standing neighborly friendship and deepen solid partnership, and believe that signing the multilateral Permanent Treaty of Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation is necessary and conducive to promoting the long-term healthy and stable development of China Central Asia relations.

All parties reaffirm their adherence to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, and respect for the independence, equality, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of all countries.

All parties firmly defend multilateralism and universally recognized international laws and norms of international relations, and are committed to promoting an equal and orderly world multipolarity and inclusive economic globalization, jointly safeguarding international fairness and justice.

All parties are committed to further strengthening comprehensive and effective cooperation in various fields within the framework of the China Central Asia mechanism.

3、 The participating heads of state of the Secretariat pointed out that the Secretariat of the China Central Asia Mechanism plays an important role in implementing the initiatives and tasks proposed by the heads of state, and are willing to strongly support the work of the Secretariat of the China Central Asia Mechanism and provide convenience and guarantee for its development.

The heads of state of the participating countries of the China Central Asia Mechanism Secretariat unanimously welcome Secretary General Sun Weidong to assume his duties on May 1, 2025.

4、 All parties will firmly uphold the core and key role of the United Nations in maintaining international peace, security, and sustainable development, promote the common values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom for all mankind, and oppose the politicization of human rights and other issues. All parties agree to jointly formulate a United Nations General Assembly resolution on "Unity of All Countries for World Justice, Harmony, and Development".

All parties reiterated their commitment to strengthening political dialogue and cooperation within the framework of multilateral international organizations such as the United Nations, exchanging views and coordinating positions on regional and international hotspot issues.

All parties welcome the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 78/266 of March 21, 2024, declaring 2025 as the International Year of Peace and Trust, and the International Peace and Trust Forum to be held in Ashgabat in 2025.

All parties welcome the resolution proposed by Turkmenistan and passed by the United Nations General Assembly on declaring Central Asia as a zone of peace, trust and cooperation.

On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Turkmenistan's neutrality, all parties welcome the United Nations General Assembly's adoption of the "Permanent Neutrality of Turkmenistan" resolution.

All parties pointed out the importance of formulating a global security strategy based on the United Nations and recognized international legal norms, taking into account the current situation and global inequality trends.

All parties reaffirm their adherence to the principles and objectives of international humanitarian law, and highly appreciate the efforts made by Kazakhstan and China in launching the Global Initiative to Encourage Political Commitment to International Humanitarian Law. All parties have taken note of this initiative, which aims to strengthen humanitarian principles and create favorable conditions for achieving world peace and breaking the endless cycle of violence in armed conflicts.

The participating parties of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization support China's work as the rotating chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization for 2024-2025 and are willing to fully assist in the successful hosting of the Tianjin Summit.

5、 All parties spoke highly of the "the Belt and Road" initiative and will further strengthen the docking of the "the Belt and Road" initiative with the development strategies of Central Asian countries.

6、 All parties are committed to consolidating the multilateral trading system based on World Trade Organization rules, supporting international trade rules to keep pace with the times, and promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.

All parties reiterated the importance of strengthening discussions on development issues within the framework of the World Trade Organization, emphasizing the necessity of supporting an open, inclusive, sustainable, stable, diversified, and reliable global supply chain.

The participating parties of the World Trade Organization support Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan's accession to the World Trade Organization.

All relevant parties are willing to prioritize trade facilitation, industrial investment, connectivity, green mineral resources, agricultural modernization, and personnel exchange facilitation as the six major areas of cooperation.

All parties believe that there is enormous potential for economic and trade cooperation between China and Central Asian countries. They are willing to fully leverage the mechanism of the China Central Asia Economic and Trade Ministers' Meeting to promote high-quality trade development, diversify trade structures, simplify trade procedures, upgrade investment agreements between China and Central Asian countries, tap into the potential of the China Central Asia Trade Facilitation Working Group, Digital Trade Roundtable, and E-commerce Cooperation Dialogue Mechanism, and expand cooperation in emerging fields.

All parties are willing to deepen investment and industrial cooperation in areas such as green minerals, new energy, and new infrastructure, ensure stable and smooth regional industrial chains, strengthen exchanges and cooperation in housing and urban-rural development, accelerate the connection between digital and green infrastructure, and jointly promote the development of infrastructure and engineering construction cooperation.

All parties will continue to expand China and Central Asian countries' contributions to ensuring international energy and food security, and continue to develop international transportation and logistics channels to ensure stable supply of key categories of commodities.

All parties are willing to comprehensively expand the transportation corridor capacity and achieve containerization of goods transportation, in order to maximize transportation convenience, deepen cooperation between China Europe (Asia) freight trains, tap into cross-border logistics potential, and promote joint projects that are in line with regional national interests.

The China Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan railway is of great significance to China and Central Asia, and all parties welcome the launch and implementation of the project.

All parties are willing to encourage large transportation and logistics companies from various countries to actively utilize the Tukumenbash International Port and Aktau International Trade Port for cargo transportation.

Based on their geographical location and with the active participation of multimodal transport operators, all parties will coordinate logistics arrangements in the railway, highway, and sea transportation fields to expand regular container transportation and expand the international market for commodity exports from Central Asian countries.

All parties welcome Turkmenistan's hosting of the Third United Nations Conference on Developing Countries without Sea Access in 2025.

All parties support the promotion of electronic driving permits to enhance the convenience of international road transportation in the region, and jointly deepen exchanges and cooperation in the field of sustainable transportation.

All parties pointed out that the establishment of the China Central Asia Business Council is of great significance, and are willing to support trade promotion agencies, business associations, and related organizations to closely cooperate in promoting trade and investment, and play a greater role in developing economic and trade cooperation between China and Central Asian countries.

All parties pointed out that the China Central Asia Forum on Industry and Investment Cooperation plays an important role in promoting investment cooperation between China and Central Asian countries, expanding industrial cooperation, and maintaining the stability and efficiency of regional industrial and supply chains.

All parties positively evaluate the China Central Asia Customs Chief Meeting mechanism and are willing to strengthen exchanges and cooperation on "smart customs, smart borders, and smart connectivity", and pragmatically promote practical cooperation in port connectivity, "single window", risk management, customs clearance convenience, and mutual assistance in customs affairs.

7、 All parties believe that establishing and developing technology partnerships with complementary advantages and win-win cooperation is of great significance.

All parties are willing to further strengthen dialogue on scientific and technological development, regularly exchange information on national science and technology strategies, priority areas, and development plans, share development experience, and support the holding of the China (Xinjiang) - Central Asia Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Forum.

All parties will actively support exchanges between research institutions and researchers, form a group of "partner research institutes", implement joint scientific research projects and technology application demonstration projects, and build cooperation platforms on this basis.

All parties are willing to promote technology transfer and achievement transformation, and use technological innovation to drive regional economic and social development.

All parties are willing to strengthen cooperation in the field of science and technology, including the exchange of advanced experience.

China welcomes all parties to join the Friends Group for International Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building. All parties are willing to jointly promote the implementation of the United Nations General Assembly resolution on strengthening international cooperation in building artificial intelligence capabilities.

All parties pointed out the importance of the United Nations General Assembly resolution on the role of artificial intelligence in creating new opportunities for sustainable development in Central Asia, proposed by Tajikistan.

8、 All parties are willing to tap into the potential of agricultural cooperation, promote investment, industry, and agricultural product trade cooperation in the agricultural sector. China welcomes Central Asian countries to increase their promotion of agricultural products through important exhibitions such as the China International Import Expo.

All parties are willing to actively develop smart agriculture, strengthen the application of water-saving, green and other efficient technologies, and exchange advanced experience.

All parties are willing to promote technology and talent exchange and cooperation in the fields of desertification and saline alkali land management and development, water-saving irrigation, pest and disease control, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, etc., to enhance the resilience of the sustainable development of the agricultural system.

All parties reiterated their willingness to work together to ensure food security under climate change conditions, and pointed out the importance of developing agriculture in a more ecological way, such as protecting biodiversity and effectively utilizing land resources.

All parties welcome the resolution proposed by Uzbekistan at the United Nations General Assembly on "Central Asia facing ecological problems - strengthening regional solidarity to promote sustainable development and prosperity", which emphasizes that climate change is one of the most complex modern issues and poses great difficulties to the sustainable development of all countries.

All parties welcome the resolutions adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, initiated by Uzbekistan, on promoting sustainable forest management, afforestation and reforestation on degraded land, including arid lands, and effectively addressing environmental challenges, as well as on the United Nations Decade of Sustainable Forest Management for Afforestation and Reforestation (2027-2036).

All parties pointed out the importance of jointly improving policies in poverty reduction, increasing employment, increasing income, and creating labor positions. They are willing to strengthen cooperation in these areas, introduce effective social assistance policies, and carry out expert and business exchanges.

9、 All parties support the establishment of the China Central Asia Energy Development Partnership, expanding cooperation in the entire energy industry chain, further expanding cooperation in traditional energy fields such as oil, natural gas, and coal, strengthening cooperation in clean energy such as hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, and hydrogen energy, deepening cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, implementing green technology, clean energy projects, and practicing the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing.

All parties pointed out that energy cooperation is an important component of sustainable development in the region. We are willing to adhere to the principle of mutual benefit and win-win, take into account the interests of all parties, continuously deepen cooperation in the energy field, and promote the common high-quality development of energy industries in all countries.

10、 All relevant parties support further strengthening the full industry chain cooperation between China and Central Asian countries in the development and utilization of mineral resources. All parties will study the possibility of jointly implementing geological surveys, mineral resource exploration, and green mining development within the current legal framework of each country.