Rio Declaration of the 17th BRICS Leaders' Meeting

The following is the content of the declaration:

1、 Preface

Reaffirm the BRICS spirit of mutual respect and understanding, sovereign equality, unity and democracy, openness and inclusiveness, deepening cooperation, and consensus through consultation. Further strengthen the "three wheel drive" cooperation of BRICS political security, economic, trade, finance, and cultural exchanges after expansion. By promoting peace, building a more representative and equitable international order, revitalizing and reforming the multilateral system, promoting sustainable development and inclusive growth, deepening the BRICS strategic partnership and benefiting the people of all countries.

We welcome the Republic of Indonesia to become a member of the BRICS, and the Republic of Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Cuba, the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Malaysia, the Kingdom of Thailand, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the The Republic of Uganda, and the Republic of Uzbekistan to become BRICS partners.

Emphasize the significance of the adoption of the BRICS Leaders' Climate Finance Framework Declaration and the BRICS Leaders' Statement on Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence, and support the launch of the BRICS Partnership to Eliminate Socially Decisive Diseases. These initiatives demonstrate our joint efforts to address urgent global issues and seek inclusive and sustainable solutions.

2、 Strengthening multilateralism and global governance reform

Reiterate our commitment to reforming and improving global governance, and promote the construction of a more just, fair, agile, effective, efficient, responsive, representative, legitimate, democratic, and responsible international and multilateral system based on the principle of consultation, co construction, and sharing. Reiterate our commitment to multilateralism, uphold international law, fully and completely abide by the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, which is its indispensable cornerstone, and maintain the core role of the United Nations in the international system.

Recognizing that the process of multipolarity can provide more opportunities for emerging markets and developing countries to tap into constructive potential and enjoy inclusive, inclusive, and fair economic globalization and cooperation. Emphasizing that in the face of major global challenges such as escalating geopolitical tensions, sharp economic downturns, technological changes, protectionist measures, and immigration, the Global South is an important force driving positive change. We believe that the BRICS countries will continue to play a crucial role in providing a platform for the global South to express concerns and priorities, and promote the construction of a more just, sustainable, inclusive, representative, and stable international order based on international law.

Recalling that 2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. World War II caused unspeakable suffering to humanity, especially in regions such as Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. The end of World War II also created conditions for the establishment of the United Nations to save future generations from the ravages of war.

Recognizing the Johannesburg Declaration of the 15th BRICS Summit, we reaffirm our support for comprehensive reform of the United Nations, including its Security Council, to make it more democratic, representative, effective, and efficient, and to increase the representation of developing countries in the Security Council to address universal global challenges. Support the legitimate desire of emerging and developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, including BRICS countries, to play a greater role in international affairs, especially in the United Nations, including its Security Council. We acknowledge the legitimate aspirations of African countries reflected in the Ezulwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration. We emphasize that the reform of the United Nations Security Council should expand the voice of the global South. Recalling the Beijing Declaration of the 14th BRICS Summit and the Johannesburg Declaration of the 15th BRICS Summit, China and Russia, as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, reaffirm their support for Brazil and India's desire to play a greater role in the United Nations, including its Security Council.

Reiterate the urgent need to reform the Bretton Woods system, which has been established for over 80 years, to make it more agile, effective, credible, inclusive, goal oriented, fair, responsible, representative, and enhance its legitimacy. In the Bretton Woods system, the voice and representation of emerging markets and developing economies must reflect their increasing weight in the world economy.

In the current context of uncertainty and instability, the International Monetary Fund, as the core of the global financial safety net, must maintain sufficient resources and agility. Reiterate that further quota adjustments of the International Monetary Fund should not be at the expense of the interests of developing countries, but should reflect the relative position of each country in the global economy and increase the share of emerging markets and developing economies.

The 2025 World Bank equity review, co chaired by Brazil, will be a key opportunity to strengthen multilateralism and enhance the legitimacy of the World Bank Group, making it a better, larger, and more effective development finance institution. We will continue to advocate for increasing the voice and representation of developing countries based on the Lima principle, and correct the historical problem of insufficient representation of developing countries through equity adjustments.

The surge in trade restrictions, whether it is the indiscriminate imposition of tariffs and non-tariff measures, or trade protectionism disguised as environmental protection, may lead to further contraction of global trade, disrupt global supply chains, exacerbate international economic and trade uncertainty, thereby exacerbating existing economic disparities and affecting the prospects of world economic development. We are seriously concerned about the rise of unilateral tariffs and non-tariff measures, which distort trade and violate WTO rules. Reiterate support for a rules based, WTO centered, open, transparent, fair, inclusive, equal, non discriminatory, and consensus based multilateral trading system, and support special and differential treatment for developing members.

Condemn the implementation of unilateral coercive measures that violate international law. Reiterating these measures, especially unilateral economic sanctions and secondary sanctions, have a profound impact on the human rights of ordinary people in the target country, such as the right to development, the right to health, and food security, especially on impoverished and vulnerable groups, and deepen the digital divide and exacerbate environmental challenges.

Reiterate our commitment to enhancing international cooperation and solidarity, and strengthening global health governance. Emphasize the role of the World Health Organization as the guiding and coordinating body for international health work within the United Nations system. We promise to actively support the strengthening of the global health architecture, promote its realization of equality, inclusiveness, transparency, and rapid response, and ensure that no country is left behind.

Emphasizing that global governance of artificial intelligence should reduce potential risks and focus on addressing the needs of countries, including those in the global South. Countries around the world should work together to build a governance system for artificial intelligence with the United Nations at its core, ensuring broad and inclusive international cooperation and access to artificial intelligence within the legal framework of each country, and strengthening the capacity building of artificial intelligence in developing countries.

3、 Promote peace, security, and global stability

Call on the international community to address challenges and related security threats through political and diplomatic means, reduce conflict risks, and emphasize the need to work towards conflict prevention, including addressing the root causes of conflicts. Emphasizing the principle of indivisible security and insisting on resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue, consultation, and diplomatic means in a peaceful manner. Encourage regional organizations to play an active role in preventing and resolving conflicts, and support all efforts that are conducive to peaceful resolution of crises. Emphasis should be placed on using mediation and preventive diplomacy as important tools to avoid crises and prevent their escalation, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter.

Regarding the issue of Ukraine, we appreciate the mediation and good offices proposals aimed at peacefully resolving the conflict through dialogue and diplomatic means, including the "Friends of Peace" group. We hope that current efforts can achieve sustainable peace.

Strongly condemn all acts of terrorism, regardless of their motives, when, where, or by whom they are committed, as such acts are criminal and unjustified. Urge to ensure zero tolerance for terrorism and reject double standards on counter-terrorism issues.

4、 Deepen international economic, trade, and financial cooperation

As the New Development Bank is about to embark on its second "Golden Decade" of high-quality development, we recognize and support its stronger and more strategic role in the development and modernization process of the global South. Welcome the New Development Bank to steadily enhance its capabilities, including resource mobilization, promoting innovation, expanding local currency financing, diversifying funding sources, and supporting projects with significant impact. Recognize and encourage the New Development Bank to continue expanding its membership and improving its governance structure. We firmly support the further expansion of the New Development Bank.

Welcome the valuable contribution of the BRICS Financial Think Tank Network in promoting collaboration between academia, policymakers, and top researchers, and appreciate the organization's work plan and priorities.

We promise to follow the principles of efficiency, transparency, modernization, inclusiveness, and sustainability, and strive to ensure supply chain resilience in accordance with our respective countries' sustainable development strategies, with a focus on meeting the needs of developing countries. Reiterate the need to further promote the active participation of the private sector, support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and cultivate a more resilient and dynamic global trade ecosystem.

Welcome to the establishment of the BRICS Industrial Capacity China Center. We appreciate the activities of the BRICS New Industrial Revolution Partnership Innovation Base, including the BRICS New Industrial Revolution Partnership Forum, BRICS Industrial Innovation Competition, BRICS New Industrial Revolution Exhibition, as well as the training programs of the BRICS New Industrial Revolution Partnership Innovation Base over the past five years. We welcome the establishment of the BRICS New Industrial Revolution Partnership Innovation Base Training Program Scholarship. The BRICS High Level Forum on Artificial Intelligence, co hosted by China and organized by the China BRICS Center for Artificial Intelligence Development and Cooperation during Brazil's presidency, was held in Brasilia during the 9th BRICS Industry Ministers' Meeting.

Appreciate the joint hosting of the BRICS Future Network Innovation Forum by China and Brazil in 2025. Welcome BRICS Future Network Research Institute to nominate the President and Vice President of the Institute through the power and responsibility documents of the research groups of artificial intelligence, next-generation communication, Internet in Industry 4.0 applications, electromagnetic radiation, etc., and look forward to the practical achievements of the research groups.

Celebrate the milestone of the 10th anniversary of cooperation in the field of science and technology innovation among BRICS countries, and recognize the significant achievements made since the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding on Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation by the Ministers of Science and Technology Innovation of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa in 2015. The ultimate goal of BRICS scientific and technological innovation cooperation is to create a new quality of productivity that promotes the development of BRICS countries through a partnership based on cooperation, and to contribute to strengthening friendship, mutual understanding, and peaceful relations among BRICS countries.

Welcome to advance the agenda of deep-sea joint research cooperation, including improving the scope of responsibilities of the BRICS International Research Center for Deep Sea Resources.

5、 Addressing climate change and promoting sustainable, equitable, and inclusive development

Emphasizing the commitment to uphold multilateralism, we call on all countries that are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement to abide by their existing commitments and maintain and increase their efforts to address climate change. Further reiterating that in order to achieve the goals of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, we will steadfastly commit to addressing climate change, strengthen the comprehensive and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement, and reflect the principles of fairness, common but differentiated responsibilities, and respective capabilities based on different national conditions.

Emphasizing the need to ensure timely and affordable climate financing for developing countries is crucial for promoting a just transition path that combines climate action with sustainable development. Emphasizing that providing and mobilizing resources to developing countries is the responsibility of developed countries in accordance with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement.

Oppose unilateral, punitive, and discriminatory protectionist measures that do not comply with international law under the pretext of environmental concerns, such as unilateral and discriminatory carbon boundary adjustment mechanisms. Reiterate full support for the call of the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference to avoid unilateral trade measures based on climate or environment. Oppose unilateral protectionist measures that intentionally disrupt global supply and production chains and distort competition.

Reiterate our commitment to achieving a fair and inclusive energy transition that is in line with the realities of each country, providing affordable, reliable, and sustainable modern energy for all, and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7. Call on BRICS countries to strengthen cooperation and accelerate the achievement of this goal.

Reiterate our commitment to strengthening cooperation on environmental protection and sustainable development within the framework of BRICS countries, upholding multilateralism, and enhancing global environmental governance. The formulation, adoption, and implementation of measures to address climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, including unilateral measures, must comply with the principles and provisions of relevant multilateral environmental and trade agreements, and must not constitute arbitrary or unreasonable means of discrimination or disguised restrictions on international trade. Appreciate China's establishment of the Kunming Biodiversity Fund and its contributions.

6、 Partnership to promote human, social, and cultural development

Reiterate our commitment to ensuring the promotion and protection of democracy, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, and building a community with a shared future for mankind on the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation.

On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, we reaffirm our commitment to advancing women's rights and leadership in all fields.

We welcome BRICS health institutions to strengthen cooperation, support BRICS vaccine research and development centers, BRICS tuberculosis research networks, and support initiatives to effectively and ethically apply AI and improve data governance in the health system. Reiterate that the above measures play an important role in promoting resilient, equitable, and inclusive healthcare systems.

Appreciate the progress made by BRICS countries in promoting high-quality, full, and productive employment through sustainable development and building inclusive, people-centered labor markets. Committed to developing inclusive policies and responsibly utilizing technology to ensure that intelligence is good and benefits everyone.

Call for respect for cultural diversity, attach great importance to inheritance, innovation, and creation, jointly advocate for international cultural exchanges and cooperation, and recognize Resolution 78/286 of the United Nations General Assembly on the establishment of the International Day of Dialogue among Civilizations.